Aristotle
Aristotle was a Greek
philosopher and scientist. His writings cover many subjects – including physics, biology, zoology,
metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theater, music, rhetoric,
linguistics, politics and government – and constitute the first comprehensive
system of Western philosophy. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, "Aristotle was the first
genuine scientist in history ... every scientist is in his debt."
Teaching Alexander the Great gave Aristotle many opportunities and an
abundance of supplies. He established a library in the Lyceum which aided in
the production of many of his hundreds of books. The fact that Aristotle was a
pupil of Plato contributed to his former views of Platonism, but, following
Plato's death, Aristotle immersed himself in empirical studies and shifted from
Platonism to empiricism. He believed all peoples' concepts and all of their
knowledge was ultimately based on perception.
Poetics
Aristotle's Poetics is
the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical
treatise to focus on literary theory.In it, Aristotle offers an account of
what he calls "poetry" (a term which in Greek literally means
"making" and in this context includes drama—comedy, tragedy,
and the satyr play—as well as lyric poetry and epic poetry).
They are similar in the fact that they are all imitations but different in the
three ways that Aristotle describes:
1.
Differences in music rhythm, harmony,
meter and melody.
2.
Difference of goodness in the
characters.
3.
Difference in how the narrative is
presented: telling a story or acting it out.
Three unities→
- Unity of action
- Unity of place
- Unity of time
Tragic flaw→ Hamartia
Tragic hero→
- Must be Good
- Must be Consistent
- Must be of high social status
Vocabulary and word
Self
abuse: Masturbation
Abstinence:
Farce:
Mimesis: Imitation, Representation, Mimicry
POV: Point of view
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